PREGNANCY MONITORING
includes regular check-ups and examinations to ensure the health of both the fetus and the mother
helps in the early identification of high-risk pregnancies
- taking a history including the first day of the last period to calculate the gestational age.
- clinical examination (including blood pressure measurement and weight recording)
- transvaginal ultrasound to determine:
- number, location and characteristics of the gestational sac
- existence of fetal elements and possibly fetal heart function
- if no gestational sac is found by ultrasound, the beta-chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) is tested and repeated in 48 hours.
- with the detection of intrauterine sac and fetal heart function, we proceed to the prescription of blood tests (complete blood count, complete urine count, determination of blood group and Rhesus, blood sugar, urea, hemoglobin electrophoresis and sickling test, cystic fibrosis gene, testing for syphilis, hepatitis B and C, HIV and antibodies for toxoplasma, CMV).
- smear test if it has not been carried out in the last year
- advice on dietary and other habits during pregnancy.
- clinical examination (blood pressure and body weight)
- transvaginal ultrasound to determine:
- fetal development and monitoring of fetal heart function
- nuchal Translucency with β-hCG & PAPP-A to determine the risk of chromosomal abnormalities
- during this period, the pregnant woman may undergo a trophoblast biopsy (chorionic villus sampling) to check the genetic material of the fetus, when there is an increased risk of chromosomal abnormalities or a history of genetically inherited diseases
- clinical examination (blood pressure and body weight)
- ultrasound to check the development of the fetus
- measurement of cervical length in women with a history of preterm birth
- at this gestational age, the pregnant woman may undergo amniocentesis to check the fetus when there is an increased risk of chromosomal abnormalities or a history of genetically inherited conditions (and no previous trophoblast biopsy has been performed)
- repeat the blood tests and detect antibodies for toxoplasma, CMV and rubella if there were no relevant IgG antibodies in the initial tests
- clinical examination (blood pressure and body weight)
- ultrasound to check the development of the fetus
- level 2 ultrasound to check the anatomy of the fetus. In patients with a compromised history, or if any other indication, a special fetal cardiac ultrasound by a specialist paediatric cardiologist
- repeat cervical length measurement in women with a history of preterm birth
- clinical examination (blood pressure and body weight)
- ultrasound to check the development of the fetus
- glucose tolerance test for the exclusion of gestational diabetes and repeat blood tests
- repeat serological testing and indirect Coombs in Rhesus negative pregnant women.
- administration of anti-D immunoprophylaxis (Rhesogamma) if indirect Coombs is negative
- clinical examination (blood pressure and body weight)
- ultrasound to check the development of the fetus
- repeat serological testing and indirect Coombs in Rhesus negative pregnant women.
- fetal growth ultrasound and Doppler fetal circulation
- clinical examination (blood pressure and body weight)
- full blood count test and urine test
- in Rhesus negative pregnant women repeat dose of immunoprophylaxis anti-D
- clinical examination (blood pressure and body weight)
- growth and Doppler Ultrasound
- culture of vaginal secretions for group B streptococcus
- cardiotocography
- biophysical profile
- vaginal gynecological examination to determine cervical maturity
monitoring every 2 days with cardiotocography and biophysical profile
the frequency of monitoring of a pregnant woman and the type and frequency of laboratory tests may be modified if there are indications from the history, clinical examination, laboratory tests and ultrasound findings during pregnancy